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KMID : 1161420190220040393
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2019 Volume.22 No. 4 p.393 ~ p.407
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Anchietea pyrifolia A. St.-Hil. as a Cardiovascular-Endowed Species: A Whole-Biological Investigation
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Tolouei Sara Emilia Lima
Palozi Rhanany Alan Calloi
Tirloni Cleide Adriane Signor
Marques Aline Aparecida Macedo
Schaedler Maysa Isernhagen
Guarnier Lucas Pires
Silva Aniely Oliveira
de Almeida Valter Paes
Budel Jane Manfron
Souza Roosevelt Isaias Carvalho
dos Santos Ariany Carvalho
Nocchi Samara Requena
Silva Denise Brentan
Dalsenter Paulo Roberto
Gasparotto Arquimedes Junior
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Abstract
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Although leaves of Anchietea salutaris are used in Brazilian traditional medicine, there is no available data in the literature proving its efficacy and safety. Thus, the aim of the study was to perform a meticulous botanical, phytochemical, toxicological, and pharmacological investigation of A. salutaris in Wistar rats. At first, a morphoanatomical characterization of Anchietea pyrifolia leaves and stems was performed. Then, a purified infusion (ethanol-soluble fraction obtained from A. pyrifolia [ESAP]) was obtained followed by its chemical profile elucidation. Furthermore, an acute toxicity test was performed, and the acute and prolonged diuretic and hypotensive effects were also evaluated in Wistar rats. Finally, the vasodilatory responses of ESAP in mesenteric vascular beds were investigated. The main secondary metabolites identified from ESAP were O-glycosylated flavonoids, chlorogenic acids, and phenylpropanoic acid derivatives. ESAP did not promote any toxic effects in female rats nor increased urinary excretion in male rats after a single exposure. However, ESAP significantly reduced renal elimination of sodium, potassium, and chloride after prolonged treatment. An ESAP highest dose promoted significant acute hypotension without affecting blood pressure levels after prolonged use. Furthermore, its cardiovascular effects seem to be related with the calcium-activated potassium channel activation in resistance vessels.
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KEYWORD
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diuretic, hypotensive, mesenteric vascular bed, potassium channels, violaceae
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